Important components of the cooling system of small excavators

[BONOVO]

Important components of the cooling system of a small excavator

(1) Pump

1. Function and structure: The function of the water pump of a small excavator is to pressurize the cooling water and circulate it in the cooling system.

The pump is driven by gears, and the pump speed is 1.5 times that of a diesel engine.

2 Working principle: When the pump impeller rotates, the coolant pump rotates with the impeller and is pushed to the edge of the pump casing by centrifugal force, and then reaches the outlet pipe through the outer tangent of the impeller. Casing. The engine water jacket is inside. At the same time, the pressure at the center of the impeller drops, and the coolant in the radiator pipe is sucked into the pump cavity through the inlet, and the coolant circulates in the entire cooling system.

(2) Thermostat

1 Function and structure: The function of the thermostat is to automatically control the flow and circulation path of the coolant according to the operating temperature of the engine.

2 Working principle: When the temperature is low, the paraffin is solid, and the main valve spring presses the main valve on the valve seat, which is in a closed state. At this time, the auxiliary valve opens and the coolant passes through a small cycle.

When the temperature rises, it gradually melts into liquid paraffin, expands in volume, and generates an upward thrust at the end of the push rod. Because the push rod is fixed on the bracket, the thermostat housing is moved downward, the main valve opens, and the auxiliary valve starts. Close. When the temperature exceeds a certain value, the main valve is completely opened, and the auxiliary valve also closes the pulmonary circulation channel. At this time, the cooling water in the cylinder water jacket circulates through the radiator. Some ways of circulating the water cooling system are proposed.

When the engine coolant temperature is within the large and small circulation temperature range, the main valve and auxiliary valve parts of the thermostat are opened. At the same time, there are large and small adjustments to the engine coolant temperature to make it appropriate temperature stability. Working range Large circulation: When the engine coolant rises to a certain temperature, the thermostat main valve is completely opened and the auxiliary valve is closed. Enter the radiator through the thermostat and the radiator coolant inlet hose. In the radiator, the coolant cooled to the radiator surrounds the air for cooling, and then returns to the pump through the radiator coolant outlet hose.

Small cycle: When the engine coolant temperature is low, the thermostat of the main valve is closed and the auxiliary valve is opened. After the coolant is pressurized by the pump, it flows through the cylinder water jacket wall, absorbs heat from the water jacket wall, and then moves the cylinder head water jacket upward, and then is sucked out from the cylinder head through the thermostat. After heating, the jacket wall. Then it returns to the pump.

Measure the test parameters of the 3J05E thermostatic valve, record the following data, and judge whether its value is correct.

Measure the initial temperature of the thermostatic valve opening. The standard value of the thermostat valve opening temperature is 74.5 to 78.5 degrees.

Measure the rise of the thermostatic valve, the temperature of the thermostat external valve is completely opened, and the test temperature is 95 degrees.

C. Thermostat test specification.

(3) Radiator

The function of the radiator is to transfer the heat absorbed by the coolant to the outside air, thereby reducing the temperature of the coolant.

The structure of the radiator consists of a water supply, a water supply chamber, a radiator core, a radiator cap and a drain switch.

The function of the radiator cap is to seal the water cooling system and regulate the operating pressure of the system.

(4) Cooling fan

The function of the cooling fan is to draw in air and pass it through the radiator when the fan rotates.

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