Safe operation of excavators - comply with rules and regulations

[DIG-DOG]

There is a jargon in our engineering work: "All safety accidents have one reason: failure to comply with rules and regulations." So what rules and regulations do we have for driving excavators? How to avoid excavator accidents as much as possible, how to reduce excavator failures and extend the life of excavators? The editor has sorted out some common mistakes in safe operation and some precautions to share with you.

1. Remember to lock the door and don't hold the door frame with your hands

Many masters are used to not locking the door when driving an excavator (the door of the excavator cab is locked when closed and locked when opened), and they are used to holding the door frame. When the excavator is going downhill or unloading a trailer, many drivers will habitually push the front windshield or door frame with their left hand and operate the excavator with their right hand. At this time, if the door is open and not locked, due to the forward tilt of the fuselage, the door will close quickly due to gravity, usually with great force. If you hold your hand on the door frame, you will be pinched. The consequences are very serious.

So when driving an excavator, be sure to lock the door whether it is open or closed. The driver should try not to hold the door frame with his hands.

2. Precautions when walking

Many novices or apprentices will raise the boom of the excavator to the highest position, fully open the dipper, and face the bucket to the sky in order to have a better view. In fact, walking like this is very dangerous. Because the working device is raised high, the center of gravity is high, and the vehicle will overturn if the ground is slightly uneven.

3. Pay attention to the blind spot of vision

The cab of the excavator is on the left, and the middle boom blocks the view, so there is a large blind spot on the right side, especially the right rear side. Many excavator accidents are caused by the right side of the tail rotating and injuring or killing people! Therefore, when working in a not very wide field, the excavator should be kept to the left as much as possible to leave more space on the right side.

In addition, many people do not pay much attention to the rearview mirror of the excavator. The rearview mirror on the excavator is a very fragile thing, and it is often knocked off during work or transportation. Many drivers think that it is okay if it is touched, and it is not important anyway, so they do not replace the new rearview mirror in time. In fact, the rearview mirror on the excavator is very important, especially the right one. Accidents often occur due to poor safety awareness!

Fourth, keep in mind the key points of excavator construction

(1) Before use, focus on checking the engine, working device, walking mechanism, various safety protection devices, hydraulic transmission components and electrical devices, etc., and start only after confirming that they are complete and intact.

(2) Before operation, lift and rotate the bucket without load, observe whether the turntable and hydraulic motor have abnormal sounds or vibrations, and whether the brakes are sensitive and effective. Start only after confirming that they are normal.

(3) When working with a front shovel, except for loose soil, the working surface should not exceed the maximum excavation height or depth specified by the performance of the machine. When performing drag shovel or back shovel operations, the distance between the excavator crawler and the edge of the working surface should be at least 1 to 2.5 meters.

(4) When the machine is running, no person is allowed to stand in the bucket or on the boom, and there must be no pedestrians or obstacles within the rotation radius.

(5) During operation, the excavator should be kept horizontal, the travel mechanism should be braked, and the tracks or tires should be wedged firmly; if the ground at the work site is soft, it should be padded with road blocks or gaskets.

(6) For rocks above Class V or thick frozen soil, blasting should be carried out before excavation.

(7) Before operation, the machine body must be stopped before excavation; when the bucket is not completely lifted off the working surface, rotation, walking and other actions are not allowed.

(8) When loading, the bucket should be lowered as much as possible, and it is not allowed to unload materials into the vehicle trough at high altitude; loading is not allowed before the vehicle stops or the bucket must pass the cab and the driver has not left.

(9) When excavating cliffs, protective measures must be taken, and there should be no swinging large rocks on the working surface; if a landslide is found, the excavator should be evacuated immediately.

(10) The maximum allowable climbing gradient must not be exceeded when going up and downhill. When going downhill, the excavator should be driven slowly, and it is forbidden to change speed or slide in the middle. The angle when turning should not be too large. Turns should be made in batches.

(11) The crawler mechanism should not travel long distances. When the construction site is moved, it should be transported by a flatbed trailer. When it is necessary to transfer by yourself in special circumstances, the counterweight should be removed, the driving wheel should be at the back, the slewing mechanism should be in the braking state, the bucket should be more than 1 meter above the ground, and the excavator should travel at a low speed. A dedicated person should observe the surrounding obstacles and overhead lines. The travel mechanism should be checked and lubricated every 500-1000 meters.

(12) When the excavator is driving on a slope, it is forbidden to turn off the diesel engine to avoid accidents such as slipping due to the loss of oil replenishment of the travel motor.

(13) After the operation is completed, the excavator should leave the working surface and park on a flat and solid ground. The body should be turned straight, the bucket should be on the ground, all the control levers should be placed in the neutral position, the brakes should be applied, and the cleaning work should be carried out in time.

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